Exodus 6

1 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Now you will see what I will do to Pharaoh. I will show him my power, and he will let my people go. I will show him my power, and he will throw them out of his country.”

The Lord Tells Moses to Speak to Pharaoh Again

2 God spoke to Moses, “I am the Lord.3 I appeared to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob as God Almighty, but I didn’t make myself known to them by my name, the Lord.4 I even made a promiset to give them Canaan, the land where they lived as foreigners.

5 Now I have heard the groaning of the Israelites, whom the Egyptians hold in slavery, and I have remembered my promise.
6 “Tell the Israelites, ‘I am the Lord. I will bring you out from under the oppression of the Egyptians, and I will free you from slavery. I will rescue you with my powerful arm and with mighty acts of judgment.7 Then I will make you my people, and I will be your God. You will know that I am the Lord your God, who brought you out from under the forced labor of the Egyptians.

8 I will bring you to the land I solemnly swore to give to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. I will give it to you as your own possession. I am the Lord.’ ”
9 Moses reported this to the Israelites. But they would not listen to him because they were so discouraged by their back–breaking work.10 Then the Lord spoke to Moses,

11 “Go tell Pharaoh (the king of Egypt) to let the Israelites leave his country.”
12 But Moses protested to the Lord, “The Israelites wouldn’t listen to me. Why would Pharaoh listen to me? I’m such a poor speaker.”13 The Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron about the Israelites and Pharaoh (the king of Egypt). He commanded them to bring the Israelites out of Egypt.

Aaron and Moses’ Ancestry—Genesis 46:9–11

14 These were the heads of the families:The sons of Reuben, Israel’s firstborn, were Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi.These were the families descended from Reuben.15 The sons of Simeon were Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jachin, Zohar, and Shaul, the son of a Canaanite woman. These were the families descended from Simeon.16 These are the names of the sons of Levi listed in birth order: Gershon, Kohath, and Merari. Levi lived 137 years.17 The sons of Gershon listed by their families were Libni and Shimei.18 The sons of Kohath were Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel. Kohath lived 133 years.19 The sons of Merari were Mahli and Mushi.These were the families descended from Levi listed in birth order.20 Amram married his father’s sister Jochebed. She gave birth to Aaron and Moses. Amram lived 137 years.21 The sons of Izhar were Korah, Nepheg, and Zichri.22 The sons of Uzziel were Mishael, Elzaphan, and Sithri.23 Aaron married Elisheba, daughter of Amminadab and sister of Nahshon. She gave birth to Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.24 The sons of Korah were Assir, Elkanah, and Abiasaph.These were the families descended from Korah.25 Eleazar, son of Aaron, married one of the daughters of Putiel. She gave birth to Phinehas.These were the heads of Levite households listed by their families.26 This was the same Aaron and Moses to whom the Lord said, “Bring the Israelites out of Egypt in organized family groups.”

27 They—this same Moses and Aaron—told Pharaoh (the king of Egypt) to let the Israelites leave Egypt.

Aaron’s Staff Becomes a Snake

28 At that time the Lord spoke to Moses in Egypt.

29 He said to Moses, “I am the Lord. Tell Pharaoh (the king of Egypt) everything I tell you.”
30 But Moses said to the Lord, “Why would Pharaoh listen to me?”

Exodus 7

1 The Lord answered Moses, “I have made you a god to Pharaoh, and your brother Aaron is your prophet.2 Tell your brother Aaron everything I command you, and he must tell Pharaoh to let the Israelites leave the country.3 But I will make Pharaoh stubborn. Even though I will do many miraculous signs and amazing things in Egypt,4 Pharaoh will not listen to you. Then I will use my power to punish Egypt severely, and I will bring my people, the Israelites, out of Egypt in organized family groups.

5 The Egyptians will know that I am the Lord when I use my power against Egypt and bring the Israelites out of there.”
6 Moses and Aaron did as the Lord had commanded them.

7 Moses was 80 years old and Aaron was 83 when they talked to Pharaoh.
8 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron,

9 “When Pharaoh says to you, ‘Give me a sign to prove that God has sent you,’ tell Aaron, ‘Take your shepherd’s staff and throw it down in front of Pharaoh,’ and it will become a large snake.”
10 Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and did as the Lord had commanded. Aaron threw his staff down in front of Pharaoh and his officials, and it became a large snake.11 Then Pharaoh sent for his wise men and sorcerers. These Egyptian magicians did the same thing using their magic spells.12 Each of them threw his staff down, and they all became large snakes. But Aaron’s staff swallowed theirs.

13 Yet, Pharaoh continued to be stubborn and would not listen to them, as the Lord had predicted.

The First Plague—The Nile River Turns Into Blood

14 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Pharaoh is being stubborn. He refuses to let my people go.15 In the morning meet Pharaoh when he’s on his way to the Nile. Wait for him on the bank of the river. Take along the staff that turned into a snake.16 Say to him, ‘The Lord God of the Hebrews sent me to tell you, “Let my people go to worship me in the desert.” So far you have not listened.17 Here is what the Lord says: This is the way you will recognize that I am the Lord: With this staff in my hand, I’m going to strike the Nile, and the water will turn into blood.

18 The fish in the Nile will die, and the river will stink. The Egyptians will not be able to drink any water from the Nile.’ ”
19 The Lord said to Moses, “Tell Aaron, ‘Take your staff and stretch out your hand over the waters of Egypt—its rivers, canals, ponds, and all its reservoirs—so that they turn into blood. There will be blood everywhere in Egypt, even in the wooden and stone containers.’ ”20 Moses and Aaron did as the Lord had commanded. In front of Pharaoh and his officials, Aaron raised his staff and struck the Nile. All the water in the river turned into blood.

21 The fish in the Nile died, and it smelled so bad that the Egyptians couldn’t drink any water from the river. There was blood everywhere in Egypt.
22 But the Egyptian magicians did the same thing using their magic spells. So Pharaoh continued to be stubborn and would not listen to Moses and Aaron, as the Lord had predicted.

23 Pharaoh turned and went back to his palace. He dismissed the entire matter from his mind.
24 All the Egyptians dug along the Nile for water to drink because they couldn’t drink any of the water from the river.25 Seven days passed after the Lord struck the Nile.

Exodus 8

The Second Plague—Frogs

1 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, and tell him, ‘This is what the Lord says: Let my people go to worship me.2 If you refuse to let them go, I will bring a plague of frogs on your whole country.3 The Nile River will swarm with frogs. They will come into your palace, into your bedroom, on your bed, into the houses of your officials, on your people, into your ovens and into your mixing bowls.

4 The frogs will jump on you, on your people, and on all your officials.’ ”
5 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Tell Aaron, ‘Hold your staff over the rivers, canals, and ponds. This will bring frogs onto the land.’ ”6 So Aaron held his staff over the waters of Egypt. The frogs came up and covered the land of Egypt.

7 But the magicians did the same thing using their magic spells and brought frogs onto the land.
8 Pharaoh sent for Moses and Aaron and said, “Pray that the Lord will take the frogs away from me and my people. Then I will let your people go to offer sacrifices to the Lord.”9 Moses answered Pharaoh, “You may have the honor of choosing when I should pray for you, your officials, and your people. Then the frogs will leave you and your homes. The only ones left will be those in the Nile.”10 “Pray for me tomorrow,” Pharaoh said.Moses replied, “It will be as you say so that you will know that there is no one like the Lord our God.

11 The frogs will leave you, your homes, your officials, and your people. The only frogs left will be those in the Nile.”
12 After Moses and Aaron left Pharaoh, Moses prayed to the Lord about the frogs he had brought on Pharaoh.13 The Lord did what Moses asked. The frogs died in the houses, in the yards, and in the fields.

14 They were piled into countless heaps, and the land began to stink because of them.
15 When Pharaoh saw that the plague was over, he became stubborn and would not listen to Moses and Aaron, as the Lord had predicted.

The Third Plague—Gnats

16 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Tell Aaron, ‘Hold out your staff and strike the dust on the ground. All over Egypt the dust will turn into gnats.’ ”17 When Moses told him, Aaron held out the staff in his hand and struck the dust on the ground. It turned into gnats that bit people and animals. All the dust on the ground everywhere in Egypt turned into gnats.18 The magicians also tried to produce gnats using their magic spells, but they couldn’t do it. The gnats bit people and animals.

19 So the magicians said to Pharaoh, “This is the hand of God!”
Yet, Pharaoh continued to be stubborn and would not listen to Moses and Aaron, as the Lord had predicted.

The Fourth Plague—Flies

20 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Early in the morning, stand in Pharaoh’s way when he’s going to the Nile. Say to him, ‘This is what the Lord says: Let my people go to worship me.21 If you will not let my people go, I will send swarms of flies on you, your officials, your people, and your houses. The homes of the Egyptians will be filled with flies, and even the ground outside will be covered with them.22 But on that day I will treat the region of Goshen differently. That is where my people live. There won’t be any flies there. This way you will know that I, the Lord, am here in this land.

23 I will distinguish between my people and yours. This miraculous sign will happen tomorrow.’ ”
24 The Lord did what he said. Dense swarms of flies came into Pharaoh’s palace and into the houses of his officials. All over Egypt the flies were ruining everything.

25 Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron and said, “Go, sacrifice to your God here in this country.”
26 Moses replied, “It wouldn’t be right to do that. The sacrifices we offer to the Lord our God are disgusting to Egyptians. If they see us offer sacrifices that they consider disgusting, won’t they stone us to death?

27 We need to travel three days into the desert to offer sacrifices to the Lord our God, as he told us to do.”
28 Pharaoh said, “I will let you go, but don’t go very far. You may offer sacrifices to the Lord your God in the desert and pray for me.”29 Moses answered, “As soon as I leave you, I will pray to the Lord. Tomorrow the swarms of flies will go away from you, your officials, and your people. But you must stop tricking us by not letting the people go to offer sacrifices to the Lord.”30 Moses left Pharaoh and prayed to the Lord.31 The Lord did what Moses asked. The swarms of flies left Pharaoh, his officials, and his people. Not one fly was left.

32 Yet, this time, too, Pharaoh was stubborn and did not let the people go.