لوقا 20

بِأيِّ سُلطان

1 وَكانَ يَسُوعُ يُعَلِّمُ النّاسَ ذاتَ يَومٍ فِي ساحَةِ الهَيكَلِ وَيُعلِنُ بِشارَتَهُ. فَاجتَمَعَ كِبارُ الكَهَنَةِ وَمُعَلِّمُو الشَّرِيعَةِ مَعَ الشُّيُوخِ وَجاءُوا إلَيهِ،

2 وَقالُوا: «أخبِرنا بِأيِّ سُلطانٍ تَفعَلُ هَذِهِ الأشياءَ، وَمَنِ الَّذِي أعطاكَ هَذا السُّلطانَ؟»

3 فَأجابَهُمْ يَسُوعُ: «وَسَأسألُكُمْ أنا أيضاً فَأجيبوني:

4 هَلْ كانَتْ مَعمُودِيَّةُ يُوحَنّا بِسُلطانٍ مِنَ اللهِ، أمْ بِسُلطُانٍ مِنَ النّاسِ؟»

5 فَناقَشُوا الأمرَ فِيما بَينَهُمْ: «إنْ قُلنا مِنَ السَّماءِ سَيَقُولُ: ‹فَلِماذا لَمْ تُصَدِّقُوهُ؟›

6 وَإنْ قُلْنا مِنَ النّاسِ، فَسَيَرجُمُنا كُلُّ النّاسِ لِأنَّهُمْ مُقتَنِعُونَ بِأنَّ يُوحَنّا كانَ نَبِيّاً.»

7 فَقالُوا إنَّهُمْ لا يَعرِفُونَ مَصدَرَ مَعمُودِيَّةِ يُوحَنّا.

8 فَقالَ لَهُمْ يَسُوعُ: «وَلا أنا أُخبِرُكُمْ بِأيِّ سُلطانٍ أفعَلُ هَذِهِ الأُمُورَ.»

اللهُ يُرسِلُ ابنَه

9 ثُمَّ راحَ يَسُوعُ يَروِي لِلنّاسِ هَذا المَثَلَ: «غَرَسَ رَجُلٌ كَرماً. ثُمَّ أجَّرَهُ لِبَعضِ الفَلّاحِينَ وَسافَرَ بَعِيداً مُدَّةً طَوِيلَةً.

10 وَجاءَ وَقتُ الحَصادِ. فَأرسَلَ خادِماً إلَى الفَلّاحِينَ لِكَي يُعطُوهُ شَيئاً مِنْ نَتاجِ الكَرمِ. لَكِنَّ الفَلّاحِينَ ضَرَبُوهُ وَصَرَفُوهُ فارِغَ اليَدَينِ.

11 فَأرسَلَ أيضاً خادِماً آخَر، لَكِنَّهُمْ ضَرَبُوا هَذا أيضاً، وَعامَلُوهُ مُعامَلةً مُخزِيَةً، وَصَرَفُوهُ فارِغَ اليَدَينِ.

12 فَأرسَلَ أيضاً خادِماً ثالِثاً، لَكِنَّهُمْ جَرَّحُوا هَذا أيضاً وَطَرَدُوهُ خارِجاً.

13 «فَقالَ صاحِبُ الكَرمِ: ‹ماذا عَسايَ أفعَلُ؟ سَأُرسِلُ ابنِيَ حَبيبيَ نَفسَهُ. فَرُبَّما يَحتَرِمُونَهُ.›

14 لَكِنْ عِندَما رَأى الفَلّاحُونَ الابنَ، تَشاوَرُوا فِيما بَينَهُمْ وَقالُوا: ‹هَذا هُوَ الوَرِيثُ، فَلنَقتُلْهُ لِكَي نَسْتولي عَلَى المِيراثِ.›

15 فَألقُوهُ خارِجَ الكَرمِ وَقَتَلُوهُ. فَماذا تَظُنُّونَ أنَّ صاحِبَ الكَرمِ سَيَفعَلُ بِهِمْ؟

16 سَيَأْتِي وَيَقتُلُ هَؤُلاءِ الفَلّاحِينَ، وَيُعطِي الكَرمَ لِغَيرِهِمْ.»
فَلَمّا سَمِعُوا هَذا قالُوا: «حاشا! لا يَكُونُ هَذا أبَداً!»

17 لَكِنَّ يَسُوعُ نَظَرَ إلَيْهِمْ وَقالَ: «إذاً ما مَعنَى هَذا القَولُ المَكتُوبُ:

‹الحَجَرُ الَّذِي رَفَضَهُ البَنّاؤُونَ،
هُوَ الَّذِي صارَ حَجَرَ الأساسِ›؟

18 فَكُلُّ مَنْ يَسقُطُ عَلَى هَذا الحَجَرِ يَنكَسِرُ، وَكُلُّ مَنْ وَقَعَ الحَجَرُ عَلَيهِ يُسحَقُ!»

19 وَكانَ مُعَلِّمُو الشَّرِيعَةِ وَكِبارُ الكَهَنَةِ يَبحَثُونَ عَنْ طَرِيقَةٍ يَقبِضُونَ عَلَيهِ بِها فِي تِلكَ السّاعَةِ، لِأنَّهُمْ عَرَفُوا أنَّهُ كانَ يَقصِدُهُمْ بِالمَثَلِ الَّذِي رَواهُ، لَكِنَّهُمْ خافُوا مِنَ النّاسِ.

20 فَأخَذُوا يُراقِبُونَهُ مُراقَبَةً دَقِيقَةً. وَأرسَلُوا إلَيهِ جَواسِيسَ يَتَظاهَرُونَ بِأنَّهُمْ أتقِياءُ، بَينَما كانُوا يُخَطِّطُونَ لاصطِيادِهِ فِي شَيءٍ يَقُولُهُ، لِكَي يَتَمَكَّنوا مِنْ إخضاعِهِ لِسُلطَةِ الوالِي فَيُحاكِمَهُ.

21 فَسَألَهُ الجَواسِيسُ: «يا مُعَلِّمُ، نَحنُ نَعلَمُ أنَّكَ تَقُولُ وَتُعَلِّمُ الحَقَّ، وَأنَّكَ لا تَتَحَيَّزُ لِأحَدٍ، بَلْ تُعَلِّمُ طَرِيقَ اللهِ بِكُلِّ صِدقٍ.

22 فَقُلْ لَنا، هَلْ يَتَوافَقُ مَعَ الشَّرِيعَةِ أنْ نَدْفَعَ ضَرِيبَةً للِقَيصَرِ أمْ لا؟»

23 فَأدرَكَ يَسُوعُ نَواياهُمُ الشِّرِيْرَةَ وَقالَ:

24 «أرُونِي دِيناراً. مَنْ صاحِبُ الرَسمِ وَالاسمِ المَنقُوشَيْنِ عَلَى هَذا الدِّينارِ؟» قالُوا: «القَيْصَرُ.»

25 فَقالَ لَهُمْ: «إذاً أعطُوا القَيصَرَ ما يَخُصُّهُ، وَأعطُوا اللهَ ما يَخُصُّهُ.»

26 فَعَجِزُوا عَنِ اصطِيادِهِ فِي كَلامِهِ أمامَ النّاسِ، وَذُهِلُوا مِنْ رَدِّهِ، وَسَكَتُوا.

الصَّدُّوقِيُّونَ يُحاوِلُونَ الإيقاعَ بِيَسُوع

27 وَجاءَ بَعضُ الصَّدُّوقِيِّينَ، وَهُمُ الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ إنَّهُ لا تُوجَدُ قِيامَةٌ، وَسَألُوهُ:

28 «يا مُعَلِّمُ، كَتَبَ مُوسَى لَنا: ‹إنْ كانَ لِأحَدٍ أخٌ مُتَزَوِّجٌ، وَماتَ ذَلِكَ الأخُ وَلَمْ يُنجِبْ أولاداً، فَإنَّ عَلَى أخِيهِ أنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ أرمَلَتَهُ وَيُنجِبَ وَلَداً يُنسَبُ لِأخِيْهِ.›t

29 فَكانَ هُناكَ سَبعَةُ إخْوَةٍ. تَزَوَّجَ الأوَّلُ امْرأةً وَماتَ مِنْ دُونِ أنْ يُنجِبَ.

30 فَتَزَوَّجَها الأخُ الثّانِي،

31 ثُمَّ الثّالِثُ. وَكَذَلِكَ الأمرُ مَعَ الإخوَةِ السَّبعَةِ، إذْ ماتُوا وَلَمْ يُنجِبُوا أولاداً.

32 ثُمَّ ماتَتِ المَرأةُ أيضاً.

33 فَلِمَنْ مِنَ الإخوَةِ السَّبعَةِ تَكُونُ هَذِهِ المَرأةُ زَوجَةً يَومَ القِيامَةِ؟ فَقَدْ تَزَوَّجَ السَّبعَةُ مِنها.»

34 فَقالَ لَهُمْ يَسُوعُ: «النّاسُ فِي هَذا العالَمِ يَتَزَوَّجُونَ وَيُزَوِّجونَ بَناتِهِمْ،

35 أمّا الَّذِينَ يَعتَبِرُهُمُ اللهُ جَدِيرِينَ بِأنْ يَشتَرِكُوا فِي العالَمِ الآتِي وَفِي القِيامَةِ مِنَ المَوتِ، فَلا يَتَزَوَّجُونَ وَلا يُزَوِّجونَ.

36 وَكالمَلائِكَةِ، لا يُمكِنُ أنْ يَمُوتُوا فِيما بَعْدُ، بَلْ يَكُونُونَ أبناءَ اللهِ، لِأنَّهُمْ قامُوا مِنَ المَوتِ.

37 وَقَدْ بَيَّنَ مُوسَى فِي حادِثَةِ الشُّجَيرَةِ المُشتَعِلَةِt أنَّ اللهَ يُقِيمُ مِنَ المَوتِ. فَقَدْ دُعِيَ الرَّبُّ ‹إلَهَ إبراهِيمَ وَإلَهَ إسْحاقَ وَإلَهَ يَعقُوبَ.›t

38 وَلَيسَ اللهُ إلَهَ أمْواتٍ، بَلْ إلَهُ أحْياءٍ، وَمِنهُ يَنالُ الجَمِيعُ حَياةً.»

39 فَقالَ بَعضُ مُعَلِّمِي الشَّرِيعَةِ: «أحسَنتَ الرَّدَّ يا مُعَلِّمُ!»

40 وَلَمْ يَجرُؤْ أحَدٌ بَعدَ ذَلِكَ أنْ يَسألَهُ مَزِيداً مِنَ الأسئِلَةِ.

المَسِيحُ سَيِّدُ داوُد

41 وَقالَ لَهُمْ أيضاً: «كَيفَ يَقُولُونَ إنَّ المَسِيحَ هُوَ ابنُ داوُدَ؟

42 فَداوُدُ نَفسُهُ يَقُولُ فِي كِتابِ المَزامِيرِ:

‹قالَ الرَّبُّt لِسَيِّدِي:
اجلِسْ عَنْ يَمِينِي

43 إلَى أنْ أجعَلَ أعداءَكَ مِسنَداً لِقَدَمَيكَ.›

44 وَهَكَذا فَإنْ كانَ داوُدُ يَدعُو المَسِيحَ سَيِّداً، فَكَيفَ يُمكِنُ لِلمَسِيحِ أنْ يَكُونَ ابنَهُ؟»

التَّحذِيْرُ مِنْ مُعَلِّمِي الشَّرِيعَة

45 وَبَينَما كانَ كُلُّ الشَّعبِ يَسمَعُونَ، وَجَّهَ يَسُوعُ حَدِيثَهُ إلَى تَلامِيذِهِ وَقالَ:

46 «احذَرُوا مِنْ مُعَلِّمِي الشَّرِيعَةِ. فَهُمْ يُحِبُّونَ أنْ يَتَجَوَّلُوا وَهُمْ يَلبِسُونَ ثِياباً فاخِرَةً. يُحِبُّونَ أنْ يُحَيِّيهِمُ النّاسُ فِي الأسواقِ تَحِيَّةَ الاحتِرامِ. وَيُحِبُّونَ المَقاعِدَ الأُولَى فِي المَجامِعِ، وَيَجلِسُونَ فِي أفضَلِ الأماكِنِ فِي الوَلائِمِ.

47 يَحتالُونَ عَلَى الأرامِلِ وَيَسرِقُونَ بُيُوتَهُنَّ. وَيُصَلُّونَ صَلَواتٍ طَوِيلَةً مِنْ أجلِ لَفتِ الأنظارِ، لِذَلِكَ سَيَنالُونَ عِقاباً أشَدَّ.»

Luke 20

Jesus' Authority Questioned

1 On one of the days while He was teaching the people in the temple and preaching the gospel, the chief priests and the scribes with the elders confronted Him, 2 and they spoke, saying to Him, "Tell us by what authority You are doing these things, or who is the one who gave You this authority?"3 Jesus answered and said to them, "I will also ask you a question, and you tell Me:4 Was the baptism of John from heaven or from men?"5 They reasoned among themselves, saying, "If we say, 'From heaven,' He will say, 'Why did you not believe him?'6 But if we say, 'From men,' all the people will stone us to death, for they are convinced that John was a prophet."7 So they answered that they did not know where it came from.8 And Jesus said to them, "Nor will I tell you by what authority I do these things."

Parable of the Vine-growers

9 And He began to tell the people this parable: "A man planted a vineyard and rented it out to vine-growers, and went on a journey for a long time.10 At the harvest time he sent a slave to the vine-growers, so that they would give him some of the produce of the vineyard; but the vine-growers beat him and sent him away empty-handed.11 And he proceeded to send another slave; and they beat him also and treated him shamefully and sent him away empty-handed.12 And he proceeded to send a third; and this one also they wounded and cast out.13 The owner of the vineyard said, 'What shall I do? I will send my beloved son; perhaps they will respect him.'14 But when the vine-growers saw him, they reasoned with one another, saying, 'This is the heir; let us kill him so that the inheritance will be ours.'15 So they threw him out of the vineyard and killed him. What, then, will the owner of the vineyard do to them?16 He will come and destroy these vine-growers and will give the vineyard to others." When they heard it, they said, "May it never be!"17 But Jesus looked at them and said, "What then is this that is written:
'THE STONE WHICH THE BUILDERS REJECTED,
THIS BECAME THE CHIEF CORNER stone'?18 Everyone who falls on that stone will be broken to pieces; but on whomever it falls, it will scatter him like dust."

Tribute to Caesar

19 The scribes and the chief priests tried to lay hands on Him that very hour, and they feared the people; for they understood that He spoke this parable against them.20 So they watched Him, and sent spies who pretended to be righteous, in order that they might catch Him in some statement, so that they could deliver Him to the rule and the authority of the governor.21 They questioned Him, saying, "Teacher, we know that You speak and teach correctly, and You are not partial to any, but teach the way of God in truth.22 Is it lawful for us to pay taxes to Caesar, or not?"23 But He detected their trickery and said to them,24 "Show Me a tdenarius. Whose likeness and inscription does it have?" They said, "Caesar's."25 And He said to them, "Then render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's."26 And they were unable to catch Him in a saying in the presence of the people; and being amazed at His answer, they became silent.

Is There a Resurrection?

27 Now there came to Him some of the Sadducees (who say that there is no resurrection),28 and they questioned Him, saying, "Teacher, Moses wrote for us that IF A MAN'S BROTHER DIES, having a wife, AND HE IS CHILDLESS, HIS BROTHER SHOULD MARRY THE WIFE AND RAISE UP CHILDREN TO HIS BROTHER.29 Now there were seven brothers; and the first took a wife and died childless;30 and the second31 and the third married her; and in the same way all seven died, leaving no children.32 Finally the woman died also.33 In the resurrection therefore, which one's wife will she be? For all seven had married her."

34 Jesus said to them, "The sons of this age marry and are given in marriage,35 but those who are considered worthy to attain to that age and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry nor are given in marriage;36 for they cannot even die anymore, because they are like angels, and are sons of God, being sons of the resurrection.37 But that the dead are raised, even Moses showed, in the passage about the burning bush, where he calls the Lord THE GOD OF ABRAHAM, AND THE GOD OF ISAAC, AND THE GOD OF JACOB.38 Now He is not the God of the dead but of the living; for all live to Him."39 Some of the scribes answered and said, "Teacher, You have spoken well."40 For they did not have courage to question Him any longer about anything.

41 Then He said to them, "How is it that they say tthe Christ is David's son?42 For David himself says in the book of Psalms,
'THE LORD SAID TO MY LORD,
"SIT AT MY RIGHT HAND,

43 UNTIL I MAKE YOUR ENEMIES A FOOTSTOOL FOR YOUR FEET."'44 Therefore David calls Him 'Lord,' and how is He his son?"

45 And while all the people were listening, He said to the disciples,46 "Beware of the scribes, who like to walk around in long robes, and love respectful greetings in the market places, and chief seats in the synagogues and places of honor at banquets,47 who devour widows' houses, and for appearance's sake offer long prayers. These will receive greater condemnation."