Here Jesus identifies with Israel. He symbolically goes through the temptations they did, but he comes through without sin. First he fasts for forty days and nights, correlating to the time Israel spent in the wilderness. He is hungry and tempted by food - like the Israelites when God gave them the quail and the manna.
All of Jesus' replies to the devil come from Deuteronomy 6-8 and each temptation is a temptation to sin against the great commandment in Deuteronomy 6:5, to love God "with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your might."

Deuteronomy 6:13, Deuteronomy 6:16, Deuteronomy 8:3 and Matthew 4:4-10